Palaeoclimate science for a better understanding of Earth system dynamics

- Better process understanding of past climate changes at different time scales, their variability and interactions with ecosystems, leading to improved Earth system models; - Future climate change scenarios produced in light of past changes in the Earth system, in particular warm climates/high sea-level situations, and abrupt transitions; - Identification of thresholds in Earth system components and better characterisation of driving mechanisms and feedbacks that may be responsible for non-linear behaviours, including indicators of abrupt changes, and early warning signals within palaeoclimat…